Christian religion Essay

Many aspects of our Christian religion today have developed because of these early religious beliefs and culture of the Romans. At the beginning, the Roman Empire was able to develop more than any other country because of its acceptance of some areas of culture and religion of its conquered enemies and allowing them to keep their religion and culture, blending the old ways with the new. How little was known, that the paganism belief system of the Roman Empire would eventually lead the way to the new Christianity religion of the world. Paganism, with its gods and goddesses, answered humanity’s problems and provided answers at the whim of these supernatural beings. In the early stages of Greek and Roman culture, mythology answered all questions regarding the origin of the world and of man. (Case, 1929, p. 12) In the early days of Greece and Rome, everything under the sun was explained by the gods and goddesses — humanity was at their whim along depending on their whims, just as today everything we do is explained through the Christian belief of God and Jesus, instead of the Roman gods and goddesses. In Rome, mythology answered all questions while today Christianity answers all of ours in regard to the world and mankind’s problems, all being subject to superhuman beings who have a lot to do with the affairs of mankind. Christianity became the official religion of the Roman empire under the Emperor Constantine in AD 324 (the Emperor Julian, known to Christians as the Apostate, failed to bring about a pagan revival a few years later), and pagan forms of worship were finally made illegal in 390 by Theodosius. The myths of the pagan gods were particularly vulnerable to Christian attack, as can be seen in Lactantius’ Divine Institutes I 9-22 and Augustine’s City of God. (Rivers, 1994, p. 22) According to Barry Banning’s article entitled, â€Å"The Irony of Faith†, which is part of the research done for his book The Unspoken Power of Rome, he refers to the fact most world religions expect people to believe in something that cannot be detected, seen, felt, heard, tasted, or smelled. Researching the fact that Rome had a serious influence on early Christian’s beginning and formation, he also says that people are expected to believe in something that doesn’t exist physically and can’t be proved in normal human experiences. In most of the world religions, people are asked to believe in something that can not be detected, seen, felt, heard, tasted, or smelled. They are asked to believe in something that doesn’t exist physically and can’t be proven in normal human experience. And when confronted with numerous, obvious discrepancies, the normal response is â€Å"faith†. Faith is the key to understanding. Faith is the key to believing in concepts that cannot be explained. (Banning, 2001, 1) Over the last several years, most Christians have accepted blindly this philosophy of faith, not realizing how much influence that Rome had on Christianity and how we perceive it today, in its early beginnings. Very little credit was ever historically given to Rome for having any influence on Christianity and how we look at it presently – many Christians refusing to believe that many aspects of Christianity had its origins in the pagan arena of Rome, and in the development of our present social orders. However, most of this credit was because of the way Christians hid inside the Roman Empire, to avoid persecution or death by the Romans. The hardest thing possible was to believe in one God instead of many gods and goddesses, remaining anonymous, while still living as Christians in brutal Rome. Early Christians, facing scorn at best and persecution at worst, depending on Emperor and the era, were forced to blend in with their Pagan counterparts. In order to celebrate the ‘holidays’ of their religion, the Christians used pre-existing holidays and festivals to blend in. Christmas, for example, was originally part of the great festival of the Winter Solstice, or the Saturnalia. By adopting this grand event as the celebration of Christ’s birth, Christian revelry was allowed to take place, largely unnoticed. The Church too manipulated customs and traditions of the Pagan Empire to make their faith more adaptable. (Kousoulas, 2006,1) Christianity had been the official religion of Rome since 392, before Rome’s official fall in 476 when its last ruler, Romulus Augustus, fell under Alaric and the Visigoths in 410 and later destroyed by the Vandals in 455. According to Professor Richard Baldwin at the Gulf Coast Community College in Florida, this fall of Rome would later influence the Middle Ages and its civilizations in classical Greek and Roman cultures, Christianity, and the Germanic culture. With modern science and intellectual knowledge today slowly replacing the word of God and Christian beliefs, public and society religious dedication has become a thing of the past — unwelcome in schools and sports, government buildings, and bringing down the morals of society. We need to look at Rome’s influence on the world accompanied with many other civilizations that were also influential on the world that led to Christianity. The development of human societies was not continuous. It was started several times anew–in India, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, Scandinavia, and in Western Europe, beginning each time with the primitive tribe and then the village community. But if we consider each of these lines separately, we certainly find in each of them, and especially in the development of Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire, a continual widening of the conception of mutual support and mutual protection, from the clan to the tribe, the nation, and finally to the international union of nations. (Kropotkin, 1934, p. 17) Christianity today is going through another revival such as in Rome, with many Christians now looking deeply inside – philosophizing and asking inner questions concerning what they have always been told – such as, is Christianity a pure religion in itself, or is it a combination of other religions. As Barry Banning said, previous Christian philosophies and hierarchical leaders told us to never question anything about our churches or what we have been taught. Christians are individuals who have unique mindsets, they are going to grow and change in their perception of the world around them, and this is a time when humanity is asking questions, seeking to find out truths. We are beginning to observe what Christianity is really about, not blindly accepting what we have been told by our superiors. The Roman imprints left from the early Christian development have simply extended an age-old religious philosophy that has long been past due for a change and maybe a needed updated version. Over the centuries, Christianity has not only changed in an intellectual theory but also with the philosophy regarding its impact by Rome. People change and learn in different ways, with continuously changing perceptions that cross many barriers – age, education, beliefs, or culture. Nevertheless, the bottom line is, without Rome we would never have had Christianity. Moreover, today Christianity as a single religion is ranked as the world’s largest religion, with sub-groups being included in this statistic. For the purpose of statistics, Christians refer to varying degrees of religious activity within Christianity – including Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, Pentecostals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Latter-day Saints, African Indigenous Churches, and others. All of this is very different from the early days of Rome, with terrified Christians being persecuted for speaking and attempting to practice their religion. Yet, no matter where we look regarding Christianity, we find ourself looking also at the Roman Empire and its early heritage and culture, still breathing today inside our churches and religious cultures. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS: Banning, B. (2001). The Unspoken Power of Rome. 1st Edition. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Wellspring Books. Case, S. C. (1929). Experience with the Supernatural in Early Christian Times. New York: The Century Company. Laistner, M. L. (1951). Christianity and Pagan Culture in the Later Roman Empire. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Kropotkin, P. P. A. (1934). The Present Need of Determining the Bases of Morality. New York: Dial Press. Potter, D. S. (2004). The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180-395. New York: Routledge. Rivers, I. (1994). Classical and Christian Ideas in English Renaissance Poetry: A Student’s Guide. New York: Routledge.

Television: the Undiscovered Drug

Television has brain-washed the majority of our youth. The first thing I hear as I get home are TV mumbles. I open the door and to no surprise there is my younger brother in full motion on the coach, hand in remote, flipping through channels. My brother could not be any more of a coach potato. He watches TV all day and night. I refer to him as the human TV guide. So much endless television can dull our minds, take away time from completing important activities, and has exposed us to a world of violence. First off, Television has dulled the mind of our youth easily.Youths today are used to having their information passed to them on a silver platter. Not as many teens like to read anymore because it involves too much work. My brother hates to read, not only because there are words involved in that activity, but also because it is now impossible for him to visualize the world presented within the book. It is also impossible for him to focus on a book because of the short attention span he has developed, and reading books just takes too much time for him. Television presents the world to him, a different world every thirty minutes, which holds his attention. Similar article: Teenagers’ Leisure TimeThis now leaves him no mental work to do, except to decide which channel he would like to watch. Because watching television requires no mental work, the brains of the adolescents that watch television are not stimulated enough. This may lead to a slower learning process, which would then explain my brother’s inability to memorize the multiplication table. Second, Television consumes time youths should be dedicating to more important and more essential things in their lives. Television takes away time that should be devoted to homework.When my brother gets home from school, he will immediately flip the television on, leaving his homework for later. When he finally decides to do his homework, the television will remain on, and he will sit on the couch with his books propped up in front of him, giving it only half of his attention. Homework takes longer to complete, and it probably will not be his best work since only half of his co ncentration was focused on it. Television also takes time away from quality family time. Most adolescents do not have a strong family connection.Families whose only time together is at the dinner table will waste precious quality time with their heads turned towards the television. The youth of today lose the strong morals and values they can get when spending time with their family. Television can even take away time from friends. When I spend time with my friends, I like to talk with them or go out. When my brother spends time with his friends, they spend the whole day watching the television. Their conversation revolves around what they are watching on the television. Most teens have the majority of their day devoted to the television. Lastly,Television has exposed a world of violence towards our youth causing them to be apathetic towards situations. Many television shows make at least one of the three aspects, violence, drugs, and sexual immorality, a normalcy. Adolescents of to day model their behavior after characters who live in world of violence, and they do not realize that what they are doing is wrong because to our youth, whatever they see and hear on television is right. For example, my brother has become a lot less sensitive towards all his friends at school. He thinks its okay to laugh if somebody gets hurt accidentally even if it could be serious.Or abruptly scream nonsense! He also believes its okay to manipulate people as long as he gets his way. Violence on television is glamorised and styled, and watching it does not hurt. So maybe this contributes to my brothers way of thinking their is no consequences. It is pretty short sided to blame everything on television because my brother should know what is â€Å"right† and what is â€Å"not† but how can he be really sure when television glorifies all sorts of violence? In Conclusion, When television was first invented, its purpose was to bring the family together and perhaps present a way in which we could receive information faster.In modern times, the television has managed to affect our youth in various ways we would not have imagined. The family gathering concept has disappeared. We have accomplished a faster way to transmit information, but it was a little too much information a little too fast for the wrong audience. I suppose my brother chooses to react this way because he is already too accustomed to being a coach potato. Television has taken over our way of life and we must stop the effects it has had on our youths and our society before it is too late.

Journeys- Robert Frost

â€Å"It's the journey not the arrival that matters† as journeys are often a metaphor for that which transcends the physical realms of one's travels. It is the medium for arrival that allows for the opportunity for self-discovery. The complexities of life as revealed throughout Robert Frost's poetry, use ordinary, physical journeys in nature to demonstrate how journeys often reach beyond the physical sense in which they are composed. Similarly, the novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher and the short film, â€Å"Harvie Krumpet,† present the plight of ordinary people and the life changing possibilities of journeys.An equally prominent theme is the occurrence of the need for changing paths as obstacles arise and the effect such change has upon the arrival. These texts demonstrate how the intended destination is often not the final destination. The composers, through the use of a variety of literary and filmic techniques show these similar themes throughout the texts. Con sequently, the composers are able to present their understanding of the concept of journeys Frost's poem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† is an extended metaphor for lost possibilities or missed opportunities.The persona reflects upon the impacts of a decision and, perchance, what may have been. This is evident in, â€Å"I shall be telling this with a sigh/ Somewhere ages and ages hence. † Thus, the responder can conceive the persona is dubious as to whether the right decision has been made. Furthermore, the text contains repetition of the image of two roads diverging. This symbolises the arising of pivotal moments where decision are required. This aids the responder to connect with the persona as in every part of life decisions are required and choices are often difficult to arrive at.Frost also conveys the idea that journeys have a tendency to flow smoothly whether the outcomes are positive or negative. This is portrayed through the consistent rhyme scheme throughout the stanzas. The flowing rhyme scheme enables the reader to become immersed within, and to concentrate heavily upon, the hidden meanings within the text. Balanced against this is Asher’s novel, Thirteen Reasons Why, which portrays the notion that journeys are impacted upon by the decisions that individuals make, altering the course rather than sailing smoothly along the original path.Asher suggests that the final destination constantly changes as obstacles arise and are overcome, consequently allowing for self-discovery along the path. Asher demonstrates how journeys are not a solo venture. Often journeys commence within an individual but are impacted upon by the actions of others. For instance, Hannah Baker commits suicide after constant mistreatment by her peers. Her journey commenced trying to find a sense of belonging. Unfortunately, this didn’t occur and dire consequences were to be the result.This is evident in the use of ellipses to represent hesitation, reflection and the severity of consequence when Hannah states, â€Å"Do not take me for granted†¦ again,† and, †A lot of you cared, just not enough. And that†¦ that is what I needed to find out. † As a result, the responder can connect with Hannah through empathy and the understanding that self-discovery relies heavily upon the journey and the events throughout rather than arriving at the destination. Similarly, the short film, â€Å"Harvie Krumpet,† exhibits the similar theme that obstacles will be required to be overcome.Harvie’s journey is one of self-discovery that transcends the physical realms of the loss of his parents, his migration and the development of Alzheimer’s. On the contrary to Thirteen Reasons Why, Harvie retains a positive outlook on life and this enables him to constantly strive for success. Every person is unique, thus, people undertake their own unique journeys. The responder is immediately informed Harvie is unique throug h the use of subtitles at the commencement of the film. â€Å"Some are born great, some have greatness thrust upon them – others are just different. †Harvie’s life experiences are juxtaposed with his near always-cheerful attitude. Harvie must adapt to a foreign lifestyle after migrating to Australia yet his spirit never dies. This forces the responder into self-reflection, considering things transcending the physical realms and discovering the inner strength to continue the journey. However, Harvie’s unfortunate circumstance isn’t permanent unlike the impermanency of nature as revealed in Frost’s poem, â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay. † Frost uses this text to demonstrate that nature’s beauty can never remain when, â€Å"Nature’s first green is gold/ Her hardest hue to hold. The effect of this couplet is to inform the responder that often what is desired can’t last. Contained within the third couplet is an allusion t o the Bible and the Garden of Eden, â€Å"Then leaf subsides to leaf/ So, Eden sank to grief. † This demonstrates how the perfection the Garden of Eden was impermanent and shows the responder that change is inescapable. The extremely simple diction of monosyllabic words throughout the entire eight-line poem helps the text to flow smoothly in the same way as â€Å"The Road Not Taken. †Frost also uses â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay,† to reveal how innocence changes as self-discovery occurs. Self-discovery transforms the individual and Frost uses the symbolism of a flower to demonstrate the changes occurring during life. â€Å"Her early leaf’s a flower/ But only so an hour. † Ultimately, all the composers demonstrate complimentary themes that demonstrate how it is the journey not the arrival that matters. Journeys are the medium that allows for the transcendence of physical realms and the development as an individual in the process.

500 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

500 - Essay Example aid, by means of international donors, because this project requires lot of financial aid to deploy approximately 300 such units and each unit has a price of $ 5000. Next if we talk about the role of the project manager. Project manager has to pay his best effort to make this project successful, for this purpose he has to work closely with the governmental institutions, so that the project have a constant pace and turn out to be successful. I have analyzed the overall project and found that this project is going to establish a better life style for the people of Sub-Sahara Africa. Most of people are HIV infected so this project will be a very good effort for providing them relief. Next this project is also related to increase the awareness among the people for this disease. In this report I have discussed the South African roundabout HIV/AIDS initiative project. In this project report I have identified the main stakeholders of this project. The main purpose of this project is to facilitate the South African’s HIV infected people. This report will be helpful for the better project planning and

E-learning that is a Reflection on an Online Issue Essay

E-learning that is a Reflection on an Online Issue - Essay Example Swan (2001), made me realize and identify the various course designs that has significance factors in finding out the quantity, quality and nature of instructiveness among my fellow students, in my group in a particular course. Kearsley (2000) struck my attention as I learned the significance of the instructor in being skilled, establishing and managing communication in online courses in the classroom, as this will have a nonstop impact on me and the rest of the students. I also prefer the instructor teaching us new skills and behaviors; that I will employ when in collaboration with the rest of the students in a particular course in the group discussions. The quality of learning experience has a positive effect on me and has linked me in a good position to engage, interact and collaborate with the other learned students (Chen, 2008). I want to gain better collaboration in group discussions and develop vital skills in critical thinking, co-construction of knowledge and self-reflection through the social learning and group learning in the classroom. I have come to learn and appreciate quality that learning environments creates and the opportunity for me and the students to involve ourselves in interactive and collaborative actions. It is through precise knowledge of collaborative learning that I have development the vital part of learning that involves critical thinking skills. I have known how to co- create with other students in groups collaboration, and also learned the art of transformative learning (Pallof and Pratt, 2005). Diverse learning styles and cultures have taught me to learn how to handle more learning issues and topics without difficulty, because effectual collaborative learning has a variety of values to learn from. The instructor suggests that the skills that I have gained through the experience of collaborative learning may be transferred to the team - based work environment; which I may use to teach the other students the value of online learni ng in collaborative groups (Shaw, 2006). Siemens (2005) came to my interest and made me learn that in collaborative learning situation, the knowledge that I personally acquire can be shared and transmitted to the other learners as they strive to work in the same direction of common learning goals. I myself, like the rest of the learners, am trying to perfect processes of knowledge acquisition as I am involved in researches in class assignment, through the period where I exchange opinions with the rest of the students as, I constantly search for information in books, print sources, and the media and also in the World Wide Web. I have improvised my knowledge that I have acquired in co-creating hence sharing it between the ever greedy students who failed to obtain the knowledge from the course material and the instructors. That knowledge has helped me create a bond among my fellow learners as they depend and gain knowledge from me also from the little they have acquired from each other s experience. My order of thinking has been improved through collaborative learning in the e- learning techniques and I have gained richer and healthier knowledge generating from the shared goal and process of meaning and exploration into collaborative lea

Focus Movie Summary Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Focus Summary - Movie Review Example The movie starts with Nicky Spurgeon acting as Will Smith going to a nightclub. Smith is seasonal con man. In the nightclub, Jess acting as Margot Robbie who is inexperienced grifter seduces Smith and pretended that her husband has caught them together. After the deception failed, Smith told them they should not lose focus when faced with compromising or unexpected situation. Jess found Smith in another nightclub and told her to be her mentor. Nicks took her to New Orleans and introduced her to his crew. Jess is trained and under goes a pick pocket test. In the training Nicky and Jess starts a romantic relationship. Nicky was told by his father that he should not start a romantic relationship in the line of duty but he could not resist Jess. In American Football Championship game, played in Miami, Jess together with Nicky coned Tse all his money by tricking him to take a wrong players number. They tricked Tse to take number 55 which was a number won by his crew member in the side of Chicago. Latter, Jess was given her share by Nicky and sent away. Jess was left heartbroken at that time (Movieclips Trailer, 2015). Nicky went to work with a motor car company and helped the owner to win car race championship. In the competition, Nicky meets Jess again and they started moving out together. Nicky gave out the component for competition to McEwen at a price of 3 million Euros and sold it to other team. As Nicky was in hotel waiting for Jess, he received message information him to leave because he was exposed.

The President Wants You to Organize Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The President Wants You to Organize - Term Paper Example The article also depicts the upcoming of Lewis , the future leader of the labor party with a unique and powerful personality .Here the caption â€Å" The President wants you to organize â€Å" relates to the slogan spread by Lewis to his fellow workers working in coal mines in an attempt to work out their freedom. It conveys the message that ,the president wants to see a union of labor of coal miners across the country. Here the author is trying to say or argue that rich and powerful will always try to subordinate or exploit the poor and helpless. Here the indication is on the coal miners who are working in the unfavorable conditions with a meager wages and inferior facilities. Here the emphasis is on the President’s demand for unity among workers to gain power and freedom in their profession. Here the author is saying that the president wants to see unity among coal miners so that they can get facilities. The author is arguing about the truce between the industrialist and the labor class. The author is saying the in order for the laborers to bargain or demand; they should form a legal union .Labor’s right and freedom is the main content of this chapter and the call for unity is originating from the President. Along the chapter the author is projecting the fight of labor class for better wages and living circumstances against all odds. Here the chapter starts with the Presidents call for all skilled and unskilled workers to unite in an attempt to demand their human rights and freedom. Here the chapter explains the negativism in the life of coal mining labors and their struggle to earn decent wages and comfortable living situations. Unfortunately, all the authority lies under the strong and cruel hands of the industrialist. Here, Lewis is one personality who comes up front to assist the coal miners in formulating a labor union where in they can bargain for their human rights. The chapter explains about the will power and motivation of Lewis in

Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Biology - Essay Example Some of the first scientists to pioneer into the field of modern genetics and evolution were Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who is considered to be the father of modern genetics. Specifically, his intellectual curiosity stemmed from his technique and involvement in horticulture, specifically pea plants. He was interested in how the transmission of traits occurred not only in his pea plants, but in people as well. He used selective breeding techniques to track the traits as they were passed on from generation to generation. The reason that Mendel chose to study pea plants was due to the fact that pea plants are a model organism. The traits were easily observable (pea color, pea shape, stem length, etc.). He could also cultivate multiple generations quickly in order to collect his data regarding the experiments. From his data, he was able to show that the current theory of the time, blending theory, was incorrect. Unfortunately, most of his work an d theory was not recognized until after his death (Edleson, 2001). The basis by which all rules in modern genetics are derived from are from the three laws that lay the foundation for genetic study: the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment. The law of dominance states that in genes, there are two copies. The gene that is expressed is dominant over the other and the one that is not shown is recessive. This was observed in the pea color of Mendel’s plants in that the yellow color was dominant and the green was recessive. The law of segregation states that during gamete formation, the pairs of genes will separate randomly and then will combine during fertilization. This is what produces the genetic variability in an organism. Lastly, the law of independent assortment states that the way in which genes are sorted during gamete formation is completely random and that they do not have an effect on one another during this process. These rul es of genetics have remained unchallenged and are the fundamentals of understanding complex genetic theory (Griffiths, et. Al., 2008). Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who developed the modern theory of evolution. He specifically was interested in the way in which evolution occurred. The observations for his theory were a majority from his voyage to the Galapagos Islands on the HMS Beagle. He considered the Galapagos Islands to be a sort of â€Å"cradle of creation† in that the isolation of the island from humans allowed it to be a hot spot for ecological and evolutionary development. He collected many different specimens and fossils that he noticed were similar species. It was from this that he hypothesized that there was a mechanism by which evolution occurred and that this could be observed through studying the ecology of the region. He published his findings in the Origin of Species and was at first scrutinized for his theories, often being described as blasphemy a gainst the notion of a scientific theory for creation. Never the less, Darwin’s theories regarding evolution became the groundwork for scientists today who are studying modern evolution (Greenberger, 2005). Darwin’s theory of evolution was based on the concept of natural selection and survival of the fittest. Natural selection states that based on the traits that are expressed by a species that some of them will allow greater adaptation to the environment than others. This adaptation makes the organism â€Å"

Rohm and Haas Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rohm and Haas Case Study - Essay Example Allowing direct sales promotion besides advertising and sponsorship marketing will help in reaching out both small-scale and large-scale industries. Cons: Utilizing various media for spreading awareness would be a costly affair. Motivating the existing metalworking formulators to sell this product as individual package would be highly challenging because of low profit margin for large-scale dealers and less budget for this project. Recommendations: The second alternative best suits the present situation for improving sales of Kathon MWX. Considering the 1982 Census of Wholesale Trade that listed 14327 industrial supply houses, which supplied products from larger formulators to majority of the ferrous metalworking industries, no better option for improving promotion of Kathon MWX can be found. These industrial supply houses sell products from large-scale formulators to various segments of metalworking industries; in the formulations, they use Kathon 886 MW as a concentrate and for mai ntenance rather than Kathon MWX. The domestic market comprises mainly of non-ferrous metalworking industries that produce aluminum sheet, foil, and cans in large scale. This segment is well aware of Kathon 886 MW. However, this segment would not require Kathon MWX to treat their tanks of more than 15,000 gallons. In such situation, introducing Kathon MWX to the 14,327 industrial supply houses would help in ensuring it reaches more number of customers because of their customer base. These channels of distributors will also be aware of the requirement of various industries for Kathon MWX and Kathon 886 MW. Considering that the industrial supply houses sell Kathon 886 MW as a part of formulation package from other formulators/distributors, and that Kathon 886 MW is the... The paper proposed several alternatives that best suit the situation in Rohm and Haas for improving sales of Kathon MWX. Considering the 1982 Census of Wholesale Trade that listed 14327 industrial supply houses, which supplied products from larger formulators to majority of the ferrous metalworking industries, no better option for improving promotion of Kathon MWX can be found. These industrial supply houses sell products from large-scale formulators to various segments of metalworking industries; in the formulations, they use Kathon 886 MW as a concentrate and for maintenance rather than Kathon MWX. The domestic market comprises mainly of non-ferrous metalworking industries that produce aluminum sheet, foil, and cans in large scale. This segment is well aware of Kathon 886 MW. However, this segment would not require Kathon MWX to treat their tanks of more than 15,000 gallons. In such situation, introducing Kathon MWX to the 14,327 industrial supply houses would help in ensuring it r eaches more number of customers because of their customer base. These channels of distributors will also be aware of the requirement of various industries for Kathon MWX and Kathon 886 MW. Considering that the industrial supply houses sell Kathon 886 MW as a part of formulation package from other formulators/distributors, and that Kathon 886 MW is the most preferred biocide, it would be easier to convince them to sell Kathon MWX.

Development from Conception to Age 16 Years Essay Example for Free

Development from Conception to Age 16 Years Essay One being the ability to use numerous limbs for example throwing a ball, the other being everyday movements e. g. walking as well as running. Fine motor corresponds; the term describes minor movements that engage smaller muscles to work. This is yet again broken down into two key sections; Fine manipulative skills- the minor movements that are needed when doing puzzles, drawing, painting or writing. Along with fine motor skills- the combination of hand plus wrist actions for e. g. pening a door The combination of hand-eye coordination, Foot-eye coordination and balance are additionally found in both gross and fine motor to help the child develop. Which can be linked to brain development . This is because â€Å"Maturation of the nervous system is linked to brain growth and development. In term of physical development, this growth effects the development of gross and fine motor skills†. (CASHELevel3ChildCareAndEducation/PennyTassoni/pg40)As a child grows with age coordination and balance should become natural given that the brain develops and becomes more intricate. Birth to three years period is a very significant time in the child’s life, during this time they will progress as well as absorb lasting skills. They will learn to develop in many different areas along with numerous milestones they should achieve according to their age. These milestones are set into the gross and fine motor category, examples of the major steps a child from birth to three years should achieve are; †¢lifting up head and chest †¢Sitting up unsupported †¢Crawling †¢self feeding †¢Walk without any help †¢Draw simple dots and shapes †¢Complete a simple puzzle †¢kick a ball Physical development is an on going progress, between the ages of three to seven years movements and activates will become a lot more difficult, compared to the birth to 3 years category. This is because the brain is widening its skills and knowledge. Examples of milestones that are aimed to child from three to seven years are; †¢can ride a tricycle †¢use scissors to cut easy shapes †¢use one foot to hop †¢knows how to right their name †¢can use a skipping rope †¢precisely cut out shapes †¢has good balance for skipping, hopping or jumping Another significant development that I have chosen is language development. The acquisition of language though the gradual expansion in complexity and meaning of symbols and sounds perceived and understood by the individual†( http://www. earlytolearn. com/glossary-of-terms/). This means that language development is not only about speech itself but referrers to the multiple ways to interact along with communic ate. For example listening abilities, the knowledge of reading along with writing, signs and symbols for the hard of hearing, or even the babbling of babies. These are all ways in which children express their emotions, putting across their view as to what they are thinking. Communication is set in many stages it may take a child a generous period of time to use words in which are politically correct. However by communicating with sounds, actions and broken vocabulary mothers or other people close to the child will soon understand what the child is intending. It is also the adults responsibility to correct their children along with educate them in the correct grammar and meanings of words. Language development is set according to age the stages indicate how well a child should communicate depending how old they may be. From the ages of birth to 3 years and 3 to 7 years the expectations of language development becomes more complex. From birth to 3 years a baby will develop continuously, it will start at the pre-linguistic stage, some examples are; †¢Expresses itself by crying †¢Start to make cooling noises †¢Uses the combination of constant and vowels to make sounds †¢ starts making babbling noises †¢Has some meaning to what they are saying †¢Say their first word †¢Often repeats the same word Although children from 3 to 7 years do not develop as far spread a children from birth to 3 years. Their development becomes increasing complex: †¢Increase in words †¢Sentences become longer and clear †¢Still make various grammar mistakes †¢Can socialize with other children their age †¢Often ask the same question multiple times †¢Fluent in the English language but may make a few mistakes along the way For both physical and language development I have incorporated the norm age of stage according to megett. However in some scenarios a child may not exceed in the milestones set according to their age. Evidence behind this may be factors which effect their progression. Examples of factors which may both types of devlopoment are; the child’s genetics or the environment in which they are in. Genetic influence can strongly affect the way in which a child may develop physically. Hereditary genes are passed from our parents, which can have multiple influences on our lives. Some can give us physical traits as to what we look like or the height in which we may grow to. Others can cause serious illnesses. â€Å"Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of many debilitating hereditary diseases that leads to early death (Gelbart et al. , 2002) (Figure 1)† (http://www. learn. ppdictionary. com/physical_development. tm) DMD is a genetic illness which affects a child’s physical achievements. Children with DMD lack in achieving the norms of development, usually resulting in them being wheelchair bound by the late teenage years. Genetic factors may also affect language development. For example a common heritable disorder is dyslexia. Studys sh ow ‘According to a yale study 1 out of 5people suffer from dyslexia’(http://dyslexia. learninginfo. org/dyslexia-facts. htm)Dyslexia restricts the ability to process both written and spoken language, symptoms often include having difficulty with spellings, handwriting as well as reading. Although genetics do play a large part in development, Factors of the environment can also influence the way in which a child grows. For example if a child is living under poor conditions unable to get access to a sustainable amount of food or water it can lead to malnutrition. On the other hand if a child is given too much food along with limited access to exercise they may become obese. Both health conditions can affect how a child physically develops, which can often put them behind the norm stage of development. Language development may also be affected by the environment â€Å"Evans’ research reveals significant reading delays for children living near airports and exposed to airport noise. †( http://www. human. cornell. edu/hd/outreach-extension/upload/evans. pdf). This evidence shows that the constant impact of loud noises can affect a child’s listening abilities along with reading skills. This may be because the child is drowning out the continual loud noise finding it hard to retain certain information, which can put the child behind in their development. One important aspect to remember is each and every child develops at their own pace. For instance one sibling may have walked earlier then another. No one child should become compared to another. If a child is not achieving the specific milestone for their age ,on most occasions the child is categorically fine and should catch up in no time. The affecting factors link to the theoretical debate on nature vs nurture. This debate focuses on the conflicting options within development. One theoretical perspective is that our development is natural because it is determined from the heredity genes transferred from our parents. Another option is that we develop along with learn according to the environment we subsist in, learning from past experiences from how we have been brought up and nurtured. Jean piaget was a famous Swiss theorist who studied psychology along with human intellect. Piaget had an interest in child physiology, resulting in the nurture theory. His intentions were to see the world through the eyes of children to fully understand their thoughts, from this he invented the intelligence test. Piaget observed children asking them undemanding problem questions to then analyses their response plus determine the logic behind the answer. Focusing more in-depth towards the wrong questions. The term ‘schema’ was used to conclude a childs answer. This put forth a theory, Piaget came to think that as children retained new information the schema’s would change, becoming more complex. His research found that children’s answers differed from adults. â€Å"he proposed that children’s limited life experiences meant that they had not amassed enough information about the world to come to the same conclusion as adults†(spotlight, Julie smart, practical pre school august 2012,page21) This shows that piaget believed nurture benefited the way in which children develop. Concluding that children should explore different situations as well as stages within themselves however have a guide to encourage them along the way. This however also links into physical along with communication development. Not only did piaget attempt to comprehend the thought process of children, but also has a theory on the stages in which a children should develop according to age. Piaget mainly focused on cognitive development but also links this between physical and language communication development. His theory consists of four stages; Sensori-motor, Pre-operational,Concrete operations, Formal operations. Two of which link into the mentions developments above. Sensori-motor is the opening stage within piagets theory. He believed this stage acres between the ages of 0-2 years. This phase relates to physical development, for the duration of this stage the child is ought to increase the control over their movements. One of the first movements that should be detected is reflex’s. A baby uses this movement at a very early stage of life in reason to survive. The way in which a baby/child learns to development along with maintain movement is by continually repeating itself until fully corrected. To endorse his theory, piaget invented the ‘object permanence’ test. Research shows that children under 8 months will acknowledge as well as believe the disappearance of an object, this may be because children only concede things which are visible. However between 8 to 9 months the child should recognized that the object is somewhere even though it may not be physically in front of them. The pre-operational stage also links briefly into language along with communication development. This stage frequently happens between the ages of 2-7 years. For the duration of this stage children often begin to use symbolic references in a way to communicate http://voices. yahoo. com/what-factors-contribute-various-areas-development-487563. html child care and education tina bruce

Reflective Essay About Moving And Handling Skill Nursing Essay

Reflective Essay About Moving And Handling Skill Nursing Essay This reflective essay will be about moving and handling skill, which took place during my placement where I was supposed to learn and practicalised my nursing skills. In describing the event, I will be using Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) (see appendix: 1) to analyse my actions and feelings. For the purpose of confidentiality, the name of the service user and place where the event took place as been made anonymous (Nursing and Midwifery Council 2009). Description I was on placement in a nursing home when my mentor asked me to transfer John from his bed to a wheel chair. John is 60 years old man, who suffered from osteoarthritis. Before I carried out the task, my mentor had explained to me what I need to do when transferring a service user from the bed to the wheel chair. My mentor was also present at the scene to provide me with guidance and support; as the procedure required more than one person. When I approached John room I closed his door in order to maintain his dignity and privacy. Having done that, I obtained his consent and explained to him what I was going to do. However, I assessed the task ahead of me by completing a moving and handling assessment form. This enables me to provide for the appropriate equipment (wheelchair and full body hoist sling) needed to transfer John. I ask my mentor to assist me to fix the sling on John, as the task required more than one carer. I then required John to tilt to one side of the bed so I can fix the sling under his body and the same process was carried out by my mentor on the other side putting Johns independence into consideration. The full body sling hook was attached to the hoist stand and John was carefully transferred from the bed to the wheelchair with maximum care without causing him further pain. When John was finally comfortable on the wheelchair, I asked him if he had experienced any pain as a result of the transfer he replied that the task was perfectly executed. Feelings At first, I was nervous about causing John any further pain knowing that his osteoarthritis condition is severe. However, I was pleased that John was satisfied at the end with the way the task was carried out as he appraised our effort. In addition, I felt piteous for John knowing his condition could be very painful. Evaluation It was good that I completed a moving and handling assessment form, as this enables me to transfer John with the appropriate equipment without causing him any pain. Dougherty and Lister (2009) postulated that the risk of injury to both carers and service users can be reduced by fully assessing the task and identifying the right equipment and procedure. They further warn that moving service users in bed without using appropriate equipment can cause friction and shearing to their skin, which is a common cause of pressure ulcers. Haslam et al (2007) supports the above view and went on to say that for moving and handling to be considered successful, the carer needs to employ minimal effort and the service user needs to experience minimal discomfort. However, Iggulder et al (2009) affirmed that assessment of task and training are not sufficient on their own to minimise the incidence of back pain. I was also satisfied that I obtain Johns consent and explained to him what I was going to do, which makes him to be cooperative throughout the task. Hogston and Simpson (2002) suggest that service users should be asked of their informed consent before administering any form of treatments to them. He further emphasised that this will allow the service users to have adequate information about their treatment and also promote a sense of independence. However, it was bad that I did not wear personal protective equipment before carrying out the task. According to the Department of Health (DH 2006) and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE 2003) state that using protective equipment will reduce the risk of acquiring contamination from potentially infectious body fluids and transmitting microorganisms through hands or clothing. Health and Safety Executive (2004) supports this and went on to say that disposable apron and gloves should be worn for all direct care procedures with service user when there is likelihood of contact with blood, secretions and excretions or body fluids. Analysis The Health and Safety Executive (HSE 2004) describe moving and handling as any transporting or supporting of a service user (including sliding, rolling and tilting) with suitable equipment and technique. As a result, I used a full body hoist sling to transfer John to the wheelchair, due to his inability to stand on his both knees. Mandelstam (2003) affirmed that service users with painful knee injury such as osteoarthritis often have difficulty with mobility. Alternatively, I could have used a sliding board to transfer John as proposed by Pellatt (2005), but the nursing home has not got such equipment available. I required John to tilt as much as possible in order to maintain his independence while I affixed the full body hoist sling round his body. Gibson (1991) explains that empowering service users has benefits which include positive self-concept, increased personal satisfaction, a sense of control and improved quality of life. I was satisfied to have adopted the appropriate techn ique and used the right equipment to transfer John, as my mentor was present to support and guide me throughout the procedure. Royal College of Nursing (RCN 2007) states that mentor is a key support for students in practice in order to facilitate competence for registration. On reflection, if the appropriate equipment had not been used to transfer John, he could have secured further injury. The Health and Safety Executive (2004) supports this view and states that service users are at risk of shoulder injury, musculoskeletal disorder and tissue injury from inappropriate lifting into the sitting or standing position, or lowering them into the sitting position. However, Chell (2003) warns that undertaking unsafe handling practice could be construed as a form of abuse. Conclusion John was comfortably transferred without causing him any further pain which was the initial motive. On reflection, there is nothing significant I could have done differently as regards to moving and handling skill, my mentor was present to provide me with guidance and support throughout the task. However, I need to reflect on similar situation and develop my moving and handling skills so that I can independently carry out such task should the need arise again. In addition, It is imperative for me to wear protective clothing during such task in order to prevent cross infection (DH 2006 and NICE 2003). Action plan In future situation as such, I will ensure that the service user is transfer without causing him/her any form of injury. However, it is imperative for me to reflect on similar event and further develop my moving and handling skill by taking part in annually training. As this will facilitate a better practice in the future and also make me an independent expert practitioner (Benner 1984). In addition, should the situation resurface again I ensure that I wear protective clothing, so as to protect myself and the service user against infectious diseases.